Study on Physiological Parameters and Economics of Rice Cultivation under Different Establishment Methods and Water Management Practices
S. Selvakumar *
Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
S. Sakthivel
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Akihiko Kamoshita
Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, University of Tokyo, Japan.
R. Babu
Crop Management Faculty, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kudumiyanmalai, Tamil Nadu, India.
S. Thiyageshwari
Faculty of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
A. Raviraj
Water Technology Center, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, during summer 2019 to study about the changes in physiological parameters of rice under various establishment and water management strategies and to find out the suitable method of rice establishment and irrigation management practices for tank irrigated command areas during water scarcity situation. Field experiment comprised of four establishment methods in combination with four irrigation management strategies. Medium duration fine grain rice variety TKM 13 was used for the study. Results of the study revealed that machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation after formation of hairline crack recorded improved physiological parameters and yield. It was on par with machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil surface. Higher gross return, net return and B:C ratio were observed with machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation after formation of hairline crack. This was followed by machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil. Hence, the result of study concluded that machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil surface can be recommended as the suitable technology for the farmers of tank irrigated command area to get higher return with minimum use of resources under water scarcity situation.
Keywords: Establishment methods, water management strategies, nutrient uptake, physiological influence, economics