Effect of Irrigation Practices on Water Use Its Efficiency and Economic Yield in Rice Varieties
P. Kunjammal *
Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Subbalakshmi Lokanadhan
Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
S. Murali Krishnasamy
Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
D. Jawahar
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
K. Ganesamurthy
Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics (CPBG), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural College & Research Institute, Coimbatore in research farm during samba season 2018-2019 to assess the water use and its efficiency in different rice varieties comprising aromatic rice, land races, popular cultivars and recent released variety under modified irrigation practices. The experimental design was a split plot with three replications. The main plots with contionous flooding and modified irrigation practices and sub plots with eight varieties as treatments viz., (S1) Kalanamak, (S2) Jeeragasamba, (S3) Kavuni, (S4) Mappilaisamba, (S5)Improved TNAU White ponni, (S6) Bhavani, (S7) CO 51 and (S8) CO 52. Irrigation practice of alternate wetting and drying, monitoring with field tube registered lower consumption of water (900 mm) with less number of irrigation(14), higher water use efficiency (7.3 kg ha-1mm-1) and water productivity (1682 lit.kg-1) in rice, compared to flood irrigation practices. In Sub plot with different rice varieties viz., aromatic, landraces, popular cultivar and recently released rice variety among these varieties the recent released variety CO52 recorded higher grain yield (6.6 t ha-1), compared to other varieties.
Keywords: Irrigation practices, water use efficiency, water productivity.