Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology

From Unstructured Digital Engagement to Structured Learning: The Role of WebQuests in ICT Integration

Divya Mishra — 2026-06-23

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education has become increasingly important for fostering 21st-century skills among students. However, despite learners' growing familiarity with digital technologies, unstructured engagement with online resources often results in superficial learning and ineffective knowledge construction. This review article examines the role of WebQuests as a structured pedagogical strategy for meaningful ICT integration in contemporary education. Adopting a narrative review approach, the study synthesises existing literature on WebQuest-based learning, ICT integration, inquiry-based pedagogy, and digital learning practices. Relevant literature was selected from peer-reviewed journal articles, educational technology studies, and policy documents focusing primarily on recent scholarship related to WebQuest implementation and digital pedagogy. The analysis indicates that WebQuests provide a scaffolded learning environment that promotes inquiry, collaboration, information literacy, and higher-order thinking by guiding students through purposeful engagement with curated digital resources. The study further highlights that the effectiveness of WebQuests largely depends on task design, teacher preparedness, learner readiness, and contextual factors such as digital infrastructure and institutional support. Although WebQuests offer pedagogical potential for transforming passive digital exposure into meaningful learning experiences, challenges related to implementation, teacher training, and technological accessibility remain important considerations. The present review is limited by its reliance on secondary literature and the contextual variability across educational settings examined in the selected studies. The paper concludes that WebQuests represent a pedagogically grounded approach for structured ICT integration and offers implications for educational practice, teacher preparation, and future research in digital learning environments.

Generative AI for Personalised Marketing Campaign Design and Content Automation

K. Krunal Yadav — 2026-06-20

The transition from mass communication to data-driven digital engagement has increased the importance of artificial intelligence in marketing practice and organisational decision-making. This study examines the role of Generative AI in personalised marketing campaign design and content automation. It aims to assess how Generative AI supports personalised communication, evaluate AI-based content automation techniques, analyse the benefits and limitations of AI-generated campaigns, and propose a framework for AI-driven personalised marketing. The study adopts a quantitative secondary research design and synthesises evidence from peer-reviewed literature and authoritative industry reports published between 2021 and 2026. Sources were retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and major consulting reports, and were analysed through thematic, comparative, and trend analysis. The findings indicate that Generative AI can support personalised marketing by using behavioural, demographic, and engagement data to generate customer-specific recommendations, advertisements, emails, and multi-channel communication. The analysis also shows that content automation can reduce the time, labour, and cost associated with content production while improving consistency and supporting real-time campaign optimisation. The proposed framework comprises five layers: data collection, AI processing, content generation, campaign delivery, and analytics. It is supported by performance indicators such as a Personalisation Score, customer engagement rate, and campaign conversion rate. However, the study also identifies important limitations, including data privacy requirements, regulatory compliance, algorithmic bias, fairness concerns, and risks associated with inaccurate or misleading AI-generated outputs. The study concludes that Generative AI can strengthen marketing effectiveness when it is implemented with transparency, governance, continuous monitoring, and appropriate human oversight.

Dietary Practices and Nutritional Status of Infants (Aged 0–6 Months) in N’Djamena, Chad

Abdel-Aziz Ousmane Mahamat — 2026-06-10

Introduction: Breastfeeding provides the optimal nutritional source to ensure harmonious infant growth and development. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is defined as an infant receiving only breast milk during the first six months of life, without any other liquid or solid intake. Globally, 38% of infants benefit from EBF during their first half-year of life. In Chad, this rate drops concerns to only 7.3%.

Aims: The study aims to evaluate the dietary practices and nutritional status of infants aged 0 to 6 months (drawn from a 0–23 month cohort) in order to formulate recommendations to promote breastfeeding in N’Djamena.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted within four health districts in the city of N’Djamena. Data were collected through direct face-to-face interviews with mothers using a questionnaire, supplemented by anthropometric measurements of the infants. Data processing and statistical analysis were performed using IBM SPSS software version 25.0.

Results: The study reveals a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months, standing at only 9.9%. Concurrently, a high prevalence of malnutrition was observed among the children: 16.4% for acute malnutrition (wasting), 32.9% for the chronic form (stunting), and 30% for underweight.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that inadequate dietary practices severely impact the nutritional status of infants. To sustainably reduce infant malnutrition in Chad, it is imperative to design strategies based on nutritional education. Such interventions would optimize mothers' feeding habits and ensure better growth outcomes for children.

Assessment of Maximum Voluntary Contraction Grip Strength among Malaysian College Students: A Cross-sectional Study

Mohd H Ibrahim — 2026-06-22

Background: Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) grip strength is a practical indicator of muscle force capacity and can assist in interpreting muscle performance under static contraction. This cross-sectional study assessed MVC grip strength and endurance time among Malaysian college students.

Method: The study involved 80 voluntary college students, comprising 40 males and 40 females aged 18-23 years. Grip strength was assessed using a dynamometer. Force exertion and muscle endurance time were recorded at four MVC levels: 100%, 50%, 15%, and 10%. The collected data were compared with the theoretical relationship between exerted force and endurance time, in which higher force is expected to correspond with shorter endurance. The plotted data were statistically verified using R-squared values.

Results: The plotted force-endurance curves showed close agreement with the theoretical model for both sexes. The R-squared values were 0.98 for male students and 0.97 for female students, indicating a strong fit between the observed data and the expected trend. Average force values were higher among male students than female students at all MVC levels. At 100% MVC, the average force was 37.57 kg for males and 18.44 kg for females. At lower MVC levels, male students also showed longer endurance times, particularly at 15% MVC and 10% MVC. The only exception was observed at 100% MVC, where female students recorded a slightly longer mean endurance time than male students.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that male students demonstrated higher grip strength than female students in this sample, while endurance time generally increased as contraction intensity decreased. The study supports the usefulness of dynamometer-based MVC assessment for describing grip strength patterns among college students.